Notes

  1. . Michael Arhib, The Metaphorical Brain (New York: John Wiley, 1972), p. vii.
  2. . Edward O. Wilson, On Human Nature (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978), p. 167.
  3. . Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1975), p. 118.
  4. . Wilson, On Human Nature, pp. 153–54.
  5. . Wilson, On Human Nature
  6. . Donald T.Campbell,“On the Conflicts between Biological and Social Evolution and between Psychology and Moral Tradition,”American Psychologist  30 (1975): 1103–26, reprinted in Zygon 11 (September 1976): 189.
  7. . Sociobiology Study Group of Science for the People, “Sociobiology–Another Biological Determinism,” BioScience 26 (March 1976), reprinted in The Sociobiology Debate, ed. Arthur L. Caplan (New York: Harper & Row, 1978), p. 284.
  8. . Earl R. MacCormac, Metaphor and Myth in Science and Religion (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1976).
  9. . Edward O.Wilson,“Slavery in Ants,”Scientific American  232 (June 1975): 36.
  10. . Wilson, Sociobiology, p. 27.
  11. . Wilson, Sociobiology, p. 129.
  12. . Wilson, On Human Nature, p. 151.
  13. . Zenon W.Pylyshyn,“Computation and Cognition: Issues in the Foundation of Cognitive Science,”Behavioral and Brain Sciences  3 (March 1980): 111.
  14. . Pamela McCorduck, Machines Who Think (San Francisco, Calif.: W. H. Freeman, 1979), p. 96.
  15. . John McCarthy, “Ascribing Mental Qualities to Machine,” in Philosophical Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence, ed. Martin Ringle (New York: Humanities Press, 1979), p. 61.
  16. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912), p. 89.
  17. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912), P. 141.
  18. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912), P. 107.
  19. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912).
  20. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912), P. 128.
  21. . Julien Offray de La Mettrie, Man a Machine (La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1912), pp. 97–98.
  22. . I have developed a more complete theory of metaphor elsewhere. See n. 8 above. Also see “Metaphor Revisited, ”Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism  30 (Winter 1971): 239–50;“Metaphor and Literature,” Journal of Aesthetic Education  6 (July 1972): 57–70;“Scientific and Religious Metaphors,” Religious Studies  11 (1975): 401–9;“Metaphors and Fuzzy Sets,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems  7 (1982): 243–56;and The Nature and Meaning of Meaning, in preparation.
  23. . PhilipWheelwright, Metaphor and RealitY (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962), pp. 72–91. See also Frank W. Bliss and Earl R. MacCormac, “Two Poles of Metaphor: Frye and Beardsley,” Journal of Aesthetic Education 11 (1977): 33–49.
  24. . Theodosius Dobzhansky, et al., Evolution (San Francisco, Calif.: Freeman, 1977), pp. 21–23.
  25. . I have developed the applicability of fuzzy sets to metaphors much more carefully and extensively in my “Metaphors and Fuzzy Sets.”
  26. . Stephen Pepper, World Hypotheses (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1942).
  27. . Eugene G. d'Aquili and Charles D. Laughlin, Jr., “The Neurobiology of Myth and Ritual” in The Spectrum of Ritual: A Biogenetic Structural Analysis, ed. by Eugene G. d'Aquili, Charles D. Laughlin, Jr. and John McManus (New York: Columbia University Press, 1979), pp. 162–63.
  28. . Brenda E. F. Beck, “The Metaphor as a Mediator Between Semantic and Analogic Modes of Thought,” Current Anthropology 19 (March 1978): 83–97.
  29. . Brenda E. F. Beck, “The Metaphor as a Mediator Between Semantic and Analogic Modes of Thought,” Current Anthropology 19 (March 1978): 83–97, p. 85. The reference to Fernandez is: J. W. Fernandez, “The Mission of Metaphor in Expressive Culture,” Current Anthropology 15 (1974): 119–46.
  30. . Psalm 5:l–6, RSV.
  31. . Christine Brooke–Rose, A Grammar of Metaphor (London: Secker & Warburg, 1958), pp. 212–13.
  32. . MacCorrnac (n. 8 above), pp. 115–34.
  33. . Campbell (n. 6 above), p. 197.