Alexander, R. D.1971. “The Search for an Evolutionary Philosophy of Man. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. Melbourne  84:99–120.

Alexander, R. D.1974. “The Evolution of Social Behavior. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics  5:325–83.

Alexander, R. D.1977. “Natural Selection and the Analysis of Human Sociality  .” In Changing Scenes in the Natural Sciences, 1776‐1976, ed. C. E.Goulden, 283–337. Special Publication 12, Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences.

Alexander, R. D.1979. Darwinism and Human Affairs. Seattle : Univ. of Washington Press.

Alexander, R. D.1982. “Biology and the Moral Paradoxes. Journal of Social and Biological Structures  5:389–95.

Alexander, R. D. (in prep.). The Biology of Moral Systems  .

Alexander, R. D. and GeraldBorgia. 1978. “Group Selection, Altruism, and the Levels of Organization of Life. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics  9:449–74.

Alexander, R. D.1979. “On the Origin and Basis of the Male‐ Female Phenomenon  .” In Sexual Selection and Reproduction Competition in Insects, ed. M. F. and N.Blum, 417–40. New York : Academic Press.

Axelrod, R. and W. D.Hamilton. 1981. “The Evolution of CooperationScience  211:1390–96.

Campbell, D. T.1975. “On the Conflicts Between Biological and Social Evolution and Between Psychology and Moral Tradition. American Psychologist  206:139–48.

Darwin, Charles. 1871. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. New York : Appleton.

Dawkins, R.1976. The Selfish Gene. New York : Oxford Univ. Press.

Dawkins, R.1982. The Extended Phenotype. Oxford & San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.

Dobzhansky, T.1967. The Biology of Ultimate Concern. New York : New American Library.

Ehrlich, P. R. and A. H.Ehrlich. 1979. “What Happened to the Population BombHuman Nature  2:88–92.

Fisher, R. A. [1930] 1958. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. 2d ed. New York : Dover.

Hamilton, W. D.1964. “The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour, I, II. Journal of Theoretical Biology  7:1–52.

Huxley, T. H.1898. Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays. New York : Appleton.

Lack, D.1954. The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers. New York : Oxford Univ. Press.

Lack, D.1957. Evolutionary Theory and Christian Belief. London : Methuen.

Leigh, E. G.1983. “When Does the Good of the Group Override the Advantage of the IndividualProceedings of the National Academy of Science  80:2985–89.

Lewontin, R. C.1970. “The Units of Selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics  1:1–18.

Low, B. S.1978. “Environmental Uncertainty and the Parental Strategies of Marsupials and Placentals. American Naturalist  112:197–213.

Low, B. S. and R. D.Alexander, (in prep.). “Evolutionary Theory and Studies of Child Development  .

Rothschild, E.1983. “Review of Defense Department Annual Report to Congress Fiscal Year 1984. New York Review of Books  , April 14, 30:40–50.

Sahlins, M. D.1965. “On the Sociology of Primitive Exchange  .” In The Relevance of Models for Social Anthropology, ed. M.Banton, 139–236. London : Tavistock.

Schell, J.1982. “Reflections (Nuclear Arms, Part III): The Fate of the Earth  .” New Yorker, February 15, 45–107.

Singer, P.1981. The Expanding Circle. New York : Farrar, Straus Giroux.

Trivers, R. L.1971. “The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism. Quarterly Review of Biology  46:35–57.

Trivers, R. L.1974. “Parent‐Offspring Conflict. American Zoologist  14:249–64.

West Eberhard, M. J.1975. “The Evolution of Social Behavior by Kin Selection. Quarterly Review of Biology  50:1–33.

Williams, G. C.1975. “Pleiotropy, Natural Selection, and the Evolution of Senescence. Evolution  11:398–411.

Williams, G. C.1966a. “Natural Selection, the Costs of Reproduction, and a Refinement of Lack's Principle. American Naturalist  100:687–90.

Williams, G. C.1966b. Adaptation and Natural Selection. Princeton , N.J. : Princeton Univ. Press.