The Sense of Life and the Sense of the Universe: Studies in Contemporary Theology   . By Michael Heller.Kraków : Copernicus Center Press , 2010 . 182 pages. Hardcover. $15.50 .

Michael Heller is a mathematical cosmologist, philosopher, and Roman Catholic priest. Following the Templeton Prize (2008) he founded the Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Kraków, Poland. In this book, he offers in clear language very nuanced and substantial insights in (1) the role of philosophy, (2) reflections on truth and the reaches of our language, (3) naturalism and evolution, and (4) creation and sense. Characteristic for him is the analysis of philosophy in science—that is, the study of presuppositions, as distinct from the philosophy of science, which is mostly about “the scientific method.” The role of philosophy in science is to analyze presuppositions (which are working hypotheses rather than dogma). These working hypotheses are not justified by a philosophical system but are provisionally accepted when fruitful in science. Rather than adhering to a Christian philosophy—which does not exist, just as there is no Christian cycling—Heller aspires to engage as a Christian in philosophical reflection on Christianity. The duty is to be a good philosopher (and a good scientist, and all else).

On language and truth, he draws on the experiences with quantum physics: our metaphors are limited, though our language does express in an analogical way something. This was developed by the priest and logician J. M. Bocheński, of the Krakow circle some half‐century ago. Heller also discusses the 1277 condemnation by bishop Tempier of Paris of various philosophical (Aristotelian) theses and especially Tempier's remark that some of the philosophers claim there can be philosophical and religious truth that is contradictory. However, the more extensive analysis of this topic is the book by his deputy director of the Copernicus Center, Bartosz Brożek, The Double Truth Controversy, also reviewed in this issue of Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science.

The latter parts deal with evolution and divine action—preferring to see the role of a timeless God in the laws of nature rather than in the margins described by Heisenberg's uncertainty relations. What is natural is God's plan and action. The fourth and final part considers cosmic evolution and sense or value. This highly personal, readable, and profound work of philosophical theology engages our always provisional scientific understanding of our universe.