Notes

1. . Harry Emerson Fosdick, A Guide to Understanding the Bible (New York: Harper& Bros., 1938), chap. 1 (“The Idea of God”), passim.
2. . Martin Buber, I and Thou, 2d ed. (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1958), pp. 75–76.
3. . Charles Hartshorne, The Logic of Perfection (LaSalle, Ill.: Open Court Publishing Go., 1962), p. 204.
4. . LudwigvonBertalanffy, “An Outline of General System Theory,”British Journal for the Philosophy of Science  1, no. 2(1950):142.
5. . Erwin Schrödinger, What Is Life? (New York: Doubleday & Co., Doubleday Anchor Books, 1956), p. 72.Sperry
6. . Charles Hartshorne, Man's Vision of God (New York: Harper & Bros., 1941), p. 201.
7. . K.Mendelsohn, “Probability Enters Physics,”American Scientist  49(1961):37–49.
8. . A.Katchalsky, “Thermodynamics of Flow and Biological Organization,”Zygon  6(1971):111.
9. . Ibid., pp. 120–21.
10. . J.Bronowski, “New Concepts in the Evolution of Complexity: Stratified Stability and Unbounded Plans,”Zygon  5(1970):33.
11. . Edmund W. Sinnott, The Bridge of Life (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1966, p. 96.
12. . Von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 155.
13. . A.I.Oparin, The Origin of Life (New York: Dover Publications, 1953), pp. 160, 163.
14. . Sinnott, p. 21.
15. . Oparin, p. 61.
16. . Ibid., p. 62.
17. . Ibid., b. 81.
18. . Willard F. Libby, “Man's Place in the Physical Universe.” in New Views of the Nature of Man, ed. John R. Platt (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965), p. 5.
19. . Oparin, p. 162.
20. . Ibid., p. 147.
21. . Ibid., p. 136.
22. . George Wald, “Determinacy, Individuality, and the Problem of Free Will,” in Platt (n. 18 above), pp. 22–23.
23. . Quoted in Sinnott (n. 1I above), pp. 74–75.
24. . Katchalsky (n. 8 above), p. 113.
25. . von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 148.
26. . Oparin, p. 148.
27. . Sinnott (n. 11 above), p. 255.
28. . Katchalsky, p. 107.
29. . Jacques Monod, Chance ad Necessity (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971), p. 63. Jacques Monod, Chance and Necessity, trans. Austryn Wainhouse (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971), p. 63.
30. . Ibid., pp. 63–66.
31. . Oparin (n. 13 above), p. 201.
32. . Ibid., p. 120.
33. . Edmund Sinnott, Matter, Mind and Man (New York: Harper & Bros., 1957), p. 41.
34. . Ibid., pp. 95–96.
35. . Michael Polanyi, “Points of Tacit Dimension” (mimeographed outline of a lecture given at the University of Chicago, May 9, 1967).
36. . Oparin, p. 147.
37. . Alfred E.Emerson, “Commentary on Theological Resources from the Biological Sciences,”Zygon  1(1966):55–56.
38. . Sinnott (n. 33 above), p. 73.
39. . Alfred P. Stiernotte, God and Space Time (New York: Philosophical Library, 1954), p. 36.
40. . Wald (n. 22 above), pp. 21–22.
41. . Jerome Letvin, “The Physiological Basis of Mental Activity” (address at the meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Berkeley, Calif., December 29, 1965).
42. . Alfred North Whitehead, Process and Reality (New York: Social Science Book Store, 1929), p. 35.
43. . Sinnott (n. 33 above), p. 68.
44. . von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 160.
45. . Quoted from General Biology and Philosophy of Organism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1945), pp. 196, 201, in Sinnott (n. 33 above), p. 48.
46. . Sinnott, p. 41.
47. . Ibid., p. 33.
48. . Ibid., p. 212.
49. . Ibid., p. 48.
50. . W. H. Goodenough, “Comments on Cultural Evolution,” in Evolution and Man's Progress, ed. Hudson Hoagland and Ralph Wendell Burhoe (New York: Columbia University Press, 1962), p. 111.
51. . N.Botnariuc, “The Wholeness of Living Systems and Some Basic Biological Problems  ,”General Systems 11(1966):97.
52. . Ibid., p. 95.
53. . Ibid., p. 97.
54. . Robert W.Fuller and PeterPutnam, “On the Origin of Order in Behavior,” General System  11(1966):110.
55. . von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), pp. 150–51.
56. . Hartshorne (n. 3 above), p. 202.
57. . Alvin W. Gouldner, “Reciprocity and Autonomy in Functional Theory,” in Symposium on Sociological Theory, ed. Llewellyn Gross (New York: Harper & Row, 1959), p. 254.
58. . Ibid., p. 261.
59. . Von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 155.
60. . As quoted inClydeKluckhohn, “The Scientific Study of Values and Contemporary Civilization,” Zygon  1(1966):242.
61. . James G. Miller, “The Organization of Life,”Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 9(1965): 108.
62. . Oparin (n. 13 above), pp. 186–87.
63. . Monod (n. 29 above), p. 111.
64. . Alfred North Whitehead, Science and the Modern World (New York: New American Library of World Literature, Pelican Mentor Books, 1948), p. 127.
65. . Ralph Wendell Burhoe, “Sketches of a Theological Structure in the Light of the Sciences”(manuscript, Meadville/Lombard Theological School, Chicago, 1966).
66. . Sanborn C. Brown, “The Nature of God and Man”(manuscript, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1966), chap. 4, p. 3.
67. . HarlowShapley, “Life, Hope and Cosmic Evolution,” Zygon  1(1966):280–81.
68. . Brown, chap. 3, p. 4.
69. . Hartshorne (n. 6 above), p. 207.
70. . von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 164.
71. . Abraham Edel, “The Concept of Levels in Social Theory,” in Gross (n. 57 above), p. 167.
72. . Botnariuc (n. 51 above), p. 93.
73. . Ibid., p. 95.
74. . Miller (n. 61 above), p. 110.
75. . von Bertalanffy (n. 4 above), p. 142.
76. . Botnariuc (n. 51 above), p. 93.
77. . Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, Man's Place in Nature (London: William Collins Sons & CO., 1966), pp. 23–24.
78. . Encyclopuedia Britannica, 14th ed., s. v. “Ecology.”
79. . Ibid., p. 922C.
80. . Teilhard de Chardin, pp. 40–41.
81. . Ibid., p. 80.
82. . Encyclopaedia Britannicu, 14th ed., s. v. “Cosmology.”
83. . Ibid., p. 582.
84. . As quoted in Alfred P. Stiernotte (n. 39 above), p. 57.
85. . Hartshorne (n. 6 above), p. 208.
86. . Brown (n. 66 above).
87. . Alexander Pope, Essay on Man (New York: Cassell & Co., 1901), Epistle 1, par. 9, pp. 23–24.
88. . Hartshorne (n. 6 above), p. 207.
89. . Quoted in Stiernotte (n. 39 above), p. 57.
90. . Stow Persons, Free Religion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1963), p. 35.
91. . Sinnott(n. 11 above), p. 23.
92. . Hartshorne (n. 6 above), p. 192.